Which of the following issues must be referred to counterintelligence and/or law enforcement?

Referring to counterintelligence and/or law enforcement is essential when it comes to any activity related to foreign intelligence entities (FIE). This is because FIE activities pose a significant risk to national security, as they involve espionage, the theft of sensitive information, or other malicious activities aimed at undermining the security and interests of a nation. FIE activity may threaten individuals, organizations, and government operations, necessitating the expertise of counterintelligence and law enforcement to investigate and mitigate these threats effectively.

In contrast, issues like employee attendance, office supply discrepancies, and internal grievance processes do not typically have national security implications and are better handled through human resources or administrative channels rather than counterintelligence or law enforcement, as their focus is more on administrative and employee relations matters.