Which of the following actions is an example of user activity monitoring?

User activity monitoring involves observing and recording the actions and behaviors of users, particularly in a digital or online environment. Monitoring user search activities is a prime example of this concept, as it entails tracking the specific queries and searches that users perform, often to assess behavior patterns, identify security risks, or ensure compliance with organizational policies.

This knowledge helps organizations understand how users interact with their systems and can highlight unusual or potentially harmful activities that may need to be addressed. User search activities can also assist in refining system performance and improving user experience based on observed usage trends.

The other options, while related to the overall management of personnel and workplace effectiveness, do not specifically pertain to the monitoring of user activities in the context of computer systems or online environments. Monitoring office attendance focuses on physical presence rather than electronic behavior, conducting background checks relates to evaluating a person's history prior to employment, and holding performance reviews centers on assessing employee performance rather than ongoing monitoring of their activities.